Annually,there are two-thirds of 1.2 million pedestrians killed in road traffic crashes worldwide.Most attempts to reduce it was by focusing on education and traffic regulation.In recent years, crash engineers have begun to develop vehicle design concepts that reduce pedestrians injuries in the event of a car-pedestrian crash.It involve redesigning the bumper,bonnet and the windshield and pillar to absorb energy (softer) without compromising the structural intergrity of the car.
Most of the car-pedestrian crashes was from a forward moving car.In this situation, a walking or standing pedestrian is knocked and accelerated to the speed of the car.Then the pedestrian will fall on the ground as the car brakes.Most of the fatal injuries occur due to the interaction with the car although the pedestrian fall to the ground after the crash.
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When pedestrian was knocked by a car,first contact was the lower limb of the pedestrian, the leading edge of the hood hits the upper thigh or pelvis and the head and upper torso are struck by the top surface of the hood or windshield. This car-pedestrian interaction was the main focus of vehicle designers in order to improve and decrease the percentage of injuries during car-pedestrian crash.
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Pedestrian deaths mostly because of traumatic brain injury during the hard impact of the head against the stiff hood or windshield. Most common cause of disability when pedestrian crashes was because injuries to the lower limb ( knee joint and long bones). A device called Frontal Protection System (FPS) was fitted to the front end of a vehicle to protect pedestrian involved in a front end collision.
